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2.3 Cell Culture & Hybridoma — Test 1
Q1. A primary culture refers to cells that are:✓ Freshly isolated directly from a tissue
Q2. Animal cell culture media are commonly supplemented with serum (e.g. fetal bovine serum) to provide:✓ Growth factors, hormones and nutrients
Q3. A CO2 incubator is used in cell culture mainly to:✓ Maintain the correct pH via the bicarbonate buffer system
Q4. The enzyme commonly used to detach adherent animal cells from a culture surface is:✓ Trypsin
Q5. Normal (non-cancerous) cells in culture usually stop dividing when they form a confluent layer, a phenomenon called:✓ Contact inhibition
Q6. HeLa cells are historically important as the:✓ First immortal human cell line (from cervical cancer)
Q7. Transferring cells to a fresh vessel with new medium to allow continued growth is called:✓ Subculturing (passaging)
Q8. Hybridoma technology produces monoclonal antibodies by fusing an antibody-producing B cell with a:✓ Myeloma (tumour) cell
Q9. A monoclonal antibody is characterised by being:✓ Of a single specificity, produced by one cell clone
Q10. In hybridoma production, HAT medium is used to:✓ Select fused hybridomas while killing unfused myeloma cells
Q11. A chemical commonly used to promote fusion of cells in hybridoma technology is:✓ Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Q12. Long-term storage of cultured cells is achieved by cryopreservation, typically in liquid nitrogen with a cryoprotectant such as:✓ DMSO (dimethyl sulphoxide)
Q13. Live, unstained cultured cells are routinely observed using a:✓ Phase-contrast microscope
Q14. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are widely used in industry for:✓ Production of recombinant therapeutic proteins
Q15. Cell viability in a culture is commonly assessed by the trypan-blue exclusion test, in which:✓ Dead cells take up the dye while live cells exclude it
Q16. Antibiotics such as penicillin and streptomycin are added to culture media to:✓ Prevent bacterial contamination
Q17. A continuous (immortal) cell line differs from a primary culture in that it:✓ Can divide indefinitely
Q18. A common and difficult-to-detect contaminant of animal cell cultures is:✓ Mycoplasma
Q19. Anchorage-dependent animal cells require, for normal growth, a:✓ Surface to attach to
Q20. Match each cell-culture term with its meaning and select the correct option.✓ A-iii, B-iv, C-i, D-ii