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3.1 Respiratory System — Test 1
Q1. The primary function of lung surfactant is to:✓ Prevent the alveoli from collapsing (reduce surface tension)
Q2. The exchange of gases in the lungs takes place across the:✓ Alveoli
Q3. Oxygen passes from the lung alveoli into the blood capillaries by the process of:✓ Diffusion
Q4. The opercular covering of the gills is absent in:✓ Hammer-head shark
Q5. Which of the following may act as accessory respiratory organs in some fishes?✓ Skin, swim bladder and branchial diverticula
Q6. The cilia of the gills of pelecypod (bivalve) molluscs help in:✓ Driving water currents for filter feeding and respiration
Q7. Invertebrates carry out respiration through which structures?✓ Gills, skin, trachea and air sacs depending on group
Q8. In insects, the respiratory system that carries air directly to the tissues consists of:✓ A network of tracheae and tracheoles
Q9. In a correct match of animal and respiratory organ, the scorpion uses:✓ Book lungs
Q10. The conducting airway that branches from the trachea into each lung is the:✓ Bronchus
Q11. The thin double membrane that surrounds each lung is the:✓ Pleura
Q12. The respiratory surface of the lung is well adapted for gas exchange because it is:✓ Thin, moist and has a very large surface area with rich blood supply
Q13. Cutaneous respiration (gas exchange through the skin) is important in:✓ Amphibians such as frogs
Q14. Birds have a highly efficient respiratory system that includes:✓ Air sacs allowing one-way (unidirectional) airflow through the lungs
Q15. The trachea is kept permanently open by:✓ C-shaped rings of cartilage
Q16. The main muscle responsible for quiet inspiration is the:✓ Diaphragm