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4.2 Gastric & Intestinal Digestion — Test 1
Q1. Trypsinogen is converted into active trypsin by:✓ Enterokinase
Q2. Enterokinase (enteropeptidase) activates:✓ Trypsinogen
Q3. Which substance is responsible for triggering the activation of other pancreatic enzymes?✓ Trypsin
Q4. If the pancreatic duct is obstructed, the blood level that typically rises is:✓ Amylase
Q5. Pancreatic juice contains:✓ Trypsin, amylase and lipase
Q6. Which of the following is NOT present in pancreatic juice?✓ Pepsin
Q7. Pancreatic enzymes do not normally digest the pancreas itself because they are:✓ Secreted as inactive zymogens (pro-enzymes)
Q8. Pepsin is secreted (as pepsinogen) by the:✓ Chief (zymogen) cells of the stomach
Q9. Pepsinogen is secreted from chief cells and converted to active pepsin by:✓ Hydrochloric acid (from parietal cells)
Q10. The correct pairing of rennin's site of action and substrate is:✓ Stomach – milk protein (casein)
Q11. Pancreatic juice works best in a medium that is:✓ Alkaline
Q12. The role of bile salts in the mammalian digestive system is to:✓ Emulsify fats into small droplets
Q13. The digestion of fat in chordates is facilitated by the presence of:✓ Bile salts
Q14. Emulsification of fats by bile occurs in the:✓ Duodenum (small intestine)
Q15. Emulsification of fats is brought about by:✓ Bile salts
Q16. The basic factors that stimulate gastric (acid) secretion are:✓ Gastrin, acetylcholine and histamine
Q17. Gastric secretion is NOT inhibited by:✓ Gastrin
Q18. The hormone secretin, released when acidic chyme enters the duodenum, stimulates the:✓ Pancreas to release bicarbonate-rich juice
4.2 Gastric & Intestinal Digestion — Test 2
Q19. Cholecystokinin (CCK), released in response to fats and proteins, causes:✓ Gall-bladder contraction and pancreatic enzyme release
Q20. Gastric glands secrete acidic gastric juice mainly in response to:✓ Food in the stomach and the hormone gastrin
Q21. The end products of carbohydrate digestion absorbed from the gut are:✓ Monosaccharides (e.g. glucose)
Q22. Histamine, which stimulates gastric acid secretion, is released within the gastric mucosa by:✓ Enterochromaffin-like (mast-like) cells
Q23. Blood leaving the liver and travelling to the heart is typically high in:✓ Urea
Q24. The acidic gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid secreted by the:✓ Parietal (oxyntic) cells
Q25. Pepsin, the gastric protein-digesting enzyme, works best at a pH of about:✓ 2 (strongly acidic)
Q26. The pancreatic enzyme that digests fats is:✓ Lipase
Q27. Bile is produced by the liver and stored and concentrated in the:✓ Gall bladder
Q28. The hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate-rich juice is:✓ Secretin
Q29. The hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) causes:✓ Gall-bladder contraction and pancreatic enzyme release
Q30. Trypsinogen from the pancreas is activated to trypsin by:✓ Enterokinase (from the intestine)
Q31. Bile salts aid fat digestion by:✓ Emulsifying fats into small droplets
Q32. The enzyme pepsinogen is converted to active pepsin by:✓ Hydrochloric acid
Q33. The pancreatic juice is alkaline because it contains:✓ Bicarbonate ions
Q34. The brush-border enzymes of the small intestine include:✓ Maltase, sucrase and lactase
Q35. Gastric acid secretion is stimulated by gastrin, acetylcholine and:✓ Histamine