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7.2 Kidney & Filtration — Test 1
Q1. The structural and functional unit of the kidney is the:✓ Nephron
Q2. Filtration of blood at the glomerulus is:✓ A passive process driven by blood pressure
Q3. The glomerular filtrate normally does NOT contain:✓ Albumin (plasma proteins)
Q4. The cells of the renal corpuscle that wrap around the glomerular capillaries and form filtration slits are the:✓ Podocytes
Q5. Renin, which helps regulate blood pressure and GFR, is secreted by the:✓ Juxtaglomerular cells
Q6. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) depends most directly on the:✓ Net filtration pressure across the glomerulus
Q7. A filterability value of 0.75 (relative to water) would correspond best to a substance like:✓ A small/medium molecule that is partly held back (e.g. small protein)
Q8. The net filtration pressure in the glomerulus equals the glomerular hydrostatic pressure minus the:✓ Capsular pressure plus plasma colloid osmotic pressure
Q9. The filtration membrane of the glomerulus consists of the capillary endothelium, the basement membrane and the:✓ Podocyte layer (with filtration slits)
Q10. In desert animals, the nephron is modified for water conservation chiefly by having a:✓ Long loop of Henle
Q11. The glomerulus is a tuft of:✓ Capillaries where blood is filtered
7.2 Kidney & Filtration — Test 2
Q12. Blood enters the glomerulus through the ____ and leaves through the ____ arteriole:✓ Afferent; efferent
Q13. The cup-shaped structure that surrounds the glomerulus and collects the filtrate is:✓ Bowman's capsule
Q14. The macula densa, part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus, monitors the:✓ Salt concentration of the tubular fluid
Q15. Substances that are normally completely filtered AND completely reabsorbed (so absent from urine) include:✓ Glucose
Q16. A substance normally absent from the urine of a healthy person is:✓ Glucose (and protein)
Q17. The glomerular filtration rate is autoregulated so that it stays fairly constant despite changes in:✓ Systemic blood pressure (within limits)
Q18. The normal value of glomerular filtration rate in a healthy adult is approximately:✓ 125 mL/min
Q19. The kidneys receive their blood supply from the:✓ Renal arteries (branches of the aorta)
Q20. The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule together form the:✓ Renal corpuscle
Q21. Glucose appears in the urine (glycosuria) when:✓ Blood glucose exceeds the tubule's reabsorptive capacity