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1.4 Overview of Metabolism — Test 1
Q1. Oxidation of which substance in the body yields the most calories per gram?✓ Lipid
Q2. Bean protein is abundant in lysine but deficient in which amino acid?✓ Methionine
Q3. Among hexanoic acid, lysine, histidine and glucose (each with 6 carbons), which has the highest calorific value?✓ Hexanoic acid
Q4. A swimmer preparing for a long non-stop endurance swim should mainly increase intake of:✓ Carbohydrates
Q5. Which one of the following has the highest metabolically available energy per gram?✓ Fat
Q6. The respiratory quotient (RQ) for the oxidation of a carbohydrate is:✓ 1.0
Q7. Metabolism is best defined as:✓ The complete set of enzyme-catalysed reactions in a living organism
Q8. Catabolic pathways are generally:✓ Oxidative and energy-releasing
Q9. Anabolic (biosynthetic) reactions most commonly use which reducing agent?✓ NADPH
Q10. In the oxidation of carbon fuels, electrons removed from the fuel are ultimately transferred to:✓ Molecular oxygen (in aerobes)
Q11. Which molecule is the universal 'energy currency' that couples energy-releasing to energy-requiring reactions?✓ ATP
Q12. The three stages of catabolism converge on which central intermediate before final oxidation?✓ Acetyl-CoA
Q13. A 'common intermediate' linking an exergonic and an endergonic reaction in metabolism is typically:✓ A shared chemical compound such as a phosphorylated intermediate
Q14. Biological oxidation of fuels in cells occurs by:✓ Stepwise removal of electrons captured in carriers, releasing energy gradually
Q15. The energy charge of a cell is a measure of:✓ The relative amounts of ATP, ADP and AMP (cellular energy status)
Q16. Which of the following statements about metabolic pathways is correct?✓ Opposing pathways often use different enzymes at key regulatory steps
Q17. The most highly reduced (and therefore most energy-rich) carbon fuel is:✓ Fatty acid
Q18. NAD⁺ and FAD function in catabolism primarily as:✓ Electron (hydrogen) carriers
Q19. During prolonged fasting/starvation, the body's metabolism shifts primarily toward:✓ Mobilisation of fat and production of ketone bodies
Q20. The respiratory quotient (RQ) for the oxidation of fat is approximately:✓ 0.7