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1.2 Basic Biomolecular Concepts β Test 1
Q1. The four nitrogenous bases found in DNA are:β Adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine
Q2. In DNA, complementary base pairing occurs between:β A-T and G-C
Q3. The purine bases are:β Adenine and guanine
Q4. The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of information as:β DNA β RNA β protein
Q5. The number of standard amino acids that make up proteins is:β 20
Q6. A codon, the unit that specifies an amino acid, consists of:β Three nucleotides
Q7. The standard start codon, which also codes for methionine, is:β AUG
Q8. The genetic code is described as 'degenerate' because:β Most amino acids are encoded by more than one codon
Q9. The primary structure of a protein refers to its:β Linear sequence of amino acids
Q10. Common elements of protein secondary structure are the:β Ξ±-helix and Ξ²-pleated sheet
Q11. The relationship central to bioinformatics is that a biomolecule's sequence largely determines its:β Structure, which in turn determines its function
Q12. A single nucleotide is composed of:β A nitrogenous base, a sugar and a phosphate group
Q13. In RNA, the base that replaces thymine is:β Uracil
Q14. The two strands of the DNA double helix are described as antiparallel, meaning they:β Run in opposite 5'β3' directions
Q15. The bond that links amino acids together in a protein is the:β Peptide bond
Q16. The three stop codons that terminate translation are:β UAA, UAG and UGA
Q17. The quaternary structure of a protein refers to the:β Assembly of two or more polypeptide subunits
Q18. The DNA double-helix model was proposed in 1953 by:β Watson and Crick
Q19. The tertiary structure of a protein is its:β Overall three-dimensional folded shape of a single chain
Q20. Match each term with its description and select the correct option.β A-iii, B-i, C-ii, D-iv