1.3 Forms of Biological Information & Sequence Types — Test 1

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1.3 Forms of Biological Information & Sequence Types — Test 1

Q1. Genomic DNA differs from cDNA in that genomic DNA:✓ Contains introns and regulatory regions

Q2. Complementary DNA (cDNA) is synthesised from:✓ Mature mRNA, using reverse transcriptase

Q3. An expressed sequence tag (EST) is best described as a:✓ Short sub-sequence of a cDNA, used to identify expressed genes

Q4. A genomic survey sequence (GSS) is a short read derived from:✓ Genomic DNA (rather than expressed mRNA)

Q5. In a eukaryotic gene, the non-coding sequences removed during RNA processing are called:✓ Introns

Q6. An open reading frame (ORF) is a stretch of sequence that:✓ Runs from a start codon to a stop codon and could encode a protein

Q7. Recombinant DNA (rDNA) is DNA that has been:✓ Artificially joined from different sources

Q8. The untranslated regions (UTRs) of an mRNA are:✓ Sequences flanking the coding region that are transcribed but not translated

Q9. The set of overlapping reads assembled into a continuous consensus sequence is called a:✓ Contig

Q10. A cDNA library, compared with a genomic library, specifically represents the:✓ Genes expressed in a particular tissue or condition

Q11. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a:✓ Variation in a single base position between individuals

Q12. The coding sequence (CDS) of a gene is the portion that is:✓ Translated into protein

Q13. The three classic forms of biological information studied in bioinformatics are:✓ Sequence, structure and function

Q14. The sense (coding) strand of DNA has the same sequence as the mRNA except that it contains:✓ Thymine instead of uracil

Q15. A reading frame is defined by:✓ The way a nucleotide sequence is divided into consecutive triplets (codons)

Q16. Genome annotation is the process of:✓ Identifying genes and features in a sequence and assigning likely functions

Q17. ESTs are particularly useful for:✓ Discovering and confirming expressed genes

Q18. A RefSeq (reference sequence) record provides a:✓ Curated, non-redundant standard sequence for a gene or transcript

Q19. Exons differ from introns in that exons are:✓ Retained in the mature mRNA

Q20. Match each sequence type with its description and select the correct option.✓ A-ii, B-iv, C-i, D-iii