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2.6 Fertilization (General) — Test 1
Q1. Zygote formation from a sperm and an egg is the result of:✓ Membrane fusion
Q2. During amphibian fertilization, the first event preceding membrane fusion is:✓ Chemo-attraction of sperm by soluble factors from the egg
Q3. In amphibian fertilization, the acrosomal enzymes are released:✓ Before the sperm passes through the egg's extracellular envelope
Q4. The general five-step sequence of sperm–egg interaction begins with chemo-attraction and ends with:✓ Fusion of the egg and sperm membranes
Q5. External fertilization, as in many sea urchins and amphibians, occurs:✓ Outside the body, usually in water
Q6. Internal fertilization is an adaptation that:✓ Allows reproduction on land by protecting gametes from drying
Q7. A general purpose of the acrosome reaction across animal groups is to:✓ Help the sperm penetrate the protective coats of the egg
Q8. The fusion of the sperm and egg pronuclei to form a diploid nucleus is called:✓ Amphimixis (karyogamy)
Q9. In animals with external fertilization, very large numbers of gametes are released because:✓ Fertilization success in open water is low per gamete
Q10. Egg activation at fertilization refers to:✓ The metabolic and developmental awakening of the egg after sperm entry
Q11. The biggest disadvantage of sexual reproduction compared with asexual reproduction is that:✓ Much energy and time are spent finding a mate
Q12. In internal fertilization, the sperm and egg meet typically in the:✓ Female reproductive tract (e.g. oviduct)
Q13. A common early consequence of sperm–egg fusion in most animals is:✓ A rise in intracellular calcium that activates the egg