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8.2 Reproductive Cycles — Test 1
Q1. The human menstrual cycle is typically about how many days long?✓ 28 days
Q2. The two phases of the ovarian cycle are the:✓ Follicular phase and luteal phase
Q3. Ovulation in the human menstrual cycle is triggered by a surge of:✓ Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Q4. During the follicular phase, the dominant hormone secreted by the growing follicle is:✓ Oestrogen (estradiol)
Q5. During the luteal phase, the corpus luteum mainly secretes:✓ Progesterone
Q6. If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, causing progesterone to:✓ Fall, leading to shedding of the endometrium (menstruation)
Q7. The phase of the uterine cycle in which the endometrium thickens under oestrogen is the:✓ Proliferative phase
Q8. The secretory phase of the uterine cycle is driven mainly by:✓ Progesterone from the corpus luteum
Q9. The estrous cycle differs from the menstrual cycle in that, if no pregnancy occurs:✓ The endometrium is reabsorbed rather than shed with bleeding
Q10. In the estrous cycle, the period of sexual receptivity (heat) is called:✓ Estrus
Q11. Animals that have only one estrous cycle per breeding season are called:✓ Monoestrous
Q12. Animals that cycle repeatedly throughout the year are called:✓ Polyestrous
Q13. The hypothalamic hormone that controls the release of FSH and LH from the pituitary is:✓ Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
Q14. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) acts on the ovary to:✓ Stimulate the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles
Q15. The mid-cycle LH surge is caused by a switch of oestrogen feedback from negative to:✓ Positive feedback at high oestrogen levels
Q16. Inhibin, secreted by the gonads, acts to:✓ Selectively suppress FSH secretion from the pituitary
Q17. At menopause, the menstrual cycle ceases mainly because:✓ The ovaries become depleted of follicles and oestrogen falls
Q18. Puberty in mammals begins with the reactivation of pulsatile secretion of:✓ GnRH from the hypothalamus
Q19. The reproductive (hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal) axis is regulated by:✓ Feedback loops between gonadal hormones, the pituitary and the hypothalamus
Q20. Overall, the reproductive cycle is best described as:✓ A coordinated hormonal cycle that prepares the body for possible reproduction