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8.7 Artificial Control — Test 1
Q1. A major risk factor associated with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is:✓ Transmission of Y-chromosome microdeletions to male offspring
Q2. In vitro fertilization (IVF) involves:✓ Fertilizing an egg with sperm outside the body, then transferring the embryo
Q3. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) differs from standard IVF in that:✓ A single sperm is injected directly into the egg
Q4. Oral contraceptive pills usually prevent pregnancy mainly by:✓ Suppressing ovulation via feedback inhibition of FSH and LH
Q5. A barrier method of contraception (e.g. condom) works by:✓ Physically preventing sperm from reaching the egg
Q6. Vasectomy is a male sterilization procedure that:✓ Cuts or seals the vas deferens to block sperm transport
Q7. Tubal ligation is a female sterilization method that:✓ Blocks or cuts the fallopian tubes so egg and sperm cannot meet
Q8. An intrauterine device (IUD) prevents pregnancy mainly by:✓ Creating a uterine environment hostile to sperm and implantation
Q9. Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) such as IVF are used mainly to:✓ Help couples with infertility to conceive
Q10. Superovulation (controlled ovarian stimulation) in IVF uses gonadotropins to:✓ Stimulate the development of multiple mature eggs
Q11. Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) allows:✓ Screening IVF embryos for genetic disorders before transfer
Q12. Artificial insemination involves:✓ Placing sperm directly into the female reproductive tract
Q13. Emergency contraception (the 'morning-after' pill) works mainly by:✓ Delaying or preventing ovulation if taken soon after intercourse
Q14. Hormonal contraceptives that contain only progestin work in part by:✓ Thickening cervical mucus to block sperm and thinning the endometrium
Q15. Sperm or embryo cryopreservation is used to:✓ Store gametes/embryos for later use (e.g. before cancer therapy)
Q16. A potential concern with assisted reproductive technologies is:✓ A higher rate of multiple pregnancies when several embryos are transferred
Q17. Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) differs from IVF in that:✓ Eggs and sperm are placed in the fallopian tube for fertilization inside the body
Q18. Surrogacy is an arrangement in which:✓ Another woman carries a pregnancy for the intended parents
Q19. Hormonal methods of contraception primarily target which part of the reproductive system?✓ The hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis (to suppress ovulation)
Q20. Overall, artificial control of reproduction includes methods to both:✓ Prevent pregnancy (contraception) and assist conception (ART)