1.5 Biodiversity & Diversity Indices — Test 2

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1.5 Biodiversity & Diversity Indices — Test 2

Q1. Species richness is measured simply as the:✓ Number of species in an area

Q2. Maximum biodiversity on Earth is generally found in the:✓ Tropics

Q3. Diversity measured within a single community or habitat is termed:✓ Alpha (α) diversity

Q4. Beta (β) diversity refers to the diversity:✓ Between two different communities or ecosystems

Q5. The change in species composition from one geographical region to the next neighbouring region is described by:✓ Beta diversity

Q6. If gamma (γ) diversity is held constant and alpha (α) diversity increases, then beta (β) diversity will:✓ Decrease

Q7. Gamma (γ) diversity refers to the diversity:✓ Of an entire region (across many communities)

Q8. The Simpson's index of diversity is most commonly expressed as:✓ 1 − Σ(Pi)²

Q9. The Shannon-Weaver (Shannon) index measures diversity by incorporating:✓ Both the number of species and their relative abundance (evenness)

Q10. Which measure does NOT take the relative abundance of species into account?✓ Species richness

Q11. A community has four species, each making up 25% of the individuals. Its Simpson's diversity index (1 − ΣPi²) is:✓ 0.75

Q12. In which community is Pielou's evenness index (J) equal to 1 (perfect evenness)?✓ 10, 10, 10, 10, 10

Q13. An ecotone is best described as:✓ A transition zone between two ecosystems, often with more species than either

Q14. The greater number of species often found in an ecotone compared with the adjacent communities is called the:✓ Edge effect

Q15. The relationship between species richness and ecosystem productivity is most often:✓ Richness is highest at intermediate productivity

Q16. Which statement about diversity components is INCORRECT?✓ Alpha diversity is the regional diversity among many communities

Q17. Areas with moderate (intermediate) levels of disturbance tend to have:✓ The highest biodiversity

Q18. The relationship between number of species (S) and area (A), S = C·A^z, is known as the:✓ Species-area relationship

Q19. A species accumulation (or rarefaction) curve is used to assess whether:✓ Sampling effort is sufficient to capture most species

Q20. Match each diversity concept with its description and select the correct option.✓ A-iii, B-i, C-ii, D-iv