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1.8 Island Biogeography & Biomes — Test 2
Q1. According to MacArthur and Wilson's equilibrium theory of island biogeography, the number of species on an island represents a balance between:✓ Colonisation (immigration) rate and extinction rate
Q2. According to the equilibrium theory, islands that have MORE species are those that are:✓ Larger and closer to the mainland
Q3. In the equilibrium model, the immigration rate is controlled mainly by an island's ___ and the extinction rate by its ___:✓ Distance from source; area
Q4. Island A is 180 km from the mainland with an area of 160 km²; island B is 100 km away with 220 km². Compared with B, island A is likely to have:✓ Higher extinction and lower colonisation rates
Q5. Which is NOT a prediction of the MacArthur-Wilson theory of island biogeography?✓ Species richness depends on distance to neighbouring islands
Q6. The theory of island biogeography has been synthesised into broader theory using all of these concepts EXCEPT:✓ Speciation
Q7. Invasive species are typically:✓ r-selected generalists with high dispersal
Q8. The better growth and spread of an invasive species in a new region (compared with its native range) is explained by the:✓ Enemy release hypothesis
Q9. Which statement about island ecosystems and invasion is NOT correct?✓ Islands are less prone to invasion because of their distance from the mainland
Q10. Boreal forest (taiga) vegetation is found in regions with:✓ Long cold winters and short, cool summers
Q11. In the chaparral (Mediterranean) biome, most rainfall occurs in:✓ Winter
Q12. The chaparral biome is characteristically found in:✓ California and the coastal Mediterranean
Q13. Temperate grassland soils are often converted to farmland because they are:✓ Very nutrient-rich (fertile)
Q14. The tundra biome is characterised by:✓ Cool temperatures and low, fairly constant precipitation
Q15. At equilibrium in the island biogeography model, the overall rate of colonisation is:✓ Balanced by the rate of extinction
Q16. A typical survivorship pattern for an invasive insect pest species is:✓ Type III
Q17. Larger islands tend to have lower extinction rates mainly because they:✓ Support larger populations and more habitats
Q18. Islands nearer to a mainland source have higher immigration rates because:✓ Colonists reach them more easily
Q19. Forest fragments left after habitat clearance are often treated like 'islands' in conservation because they:✓ Are surrounded by inhospitable habitat and follow area-isolation rules
Q20. Match each island-biogeography concept with its description and select the correct option.✓ A-iii, B-i, C-ii, D-iv