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2.3 Environmental Pollution — Test 1
Q1. Which organisms are widely used as sensitive indicators of air pollution?✓ Lichens
Q2. The major gas responsible for global warming is:✓ Carbon dioxide
Q3. Greenhouse gases warm the atmosphere mainly by absorbing:✓ Infrared (heat) radiation
Q4. Biogas mainly consists of:✓ CH4 and CO2
Q5. Minamata disease is caused by pollution with:✓ Industrial mercury entering fishing waters
Q6. Maximum eutrophication of water bodies is caused by:✓ Detergents (phosphates)
Q7. Which gas does NOT contribute to the greenhouse effect?✓ Carbon monoxide (CO)
Q8. During organic pollution of a lake, the amount of dissolved oxygen:✓ Decreases
Q9. The depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer is biologically harmful mainly because it leads to:✓ Increased UV reaching the surface and formation of pyrimidine dimers in DNA
Q10. The ozone layer that protects life from harmful UV is located in the:✓ Stratosphere
Q11. The ozone layer protects life mainly by absorbing:✓ UV-B and UV-C
Q12. Biological magnification (biomagnification) reaches its maximum in humans because humans are:✓ The top consumers in the food chain
Q13. The major source of greenhouse gases due to human activity is:✓ Burning of fossil fuels
Q14. Periodic toxic algal blooms in oceans, known as red tides, are mainly caused by:✓ Dinoflagellates
Q15. The best biological indicator of water pollution due to mixing of human faeces is:✓ Escherichia coli
Q16. The accumulation of DDT reduced populations of birds such as the brown pelican because DDT:✓ Altered calcium metabolism, producing thin eggshells
Q17. The second most abundant greenhouse gas (after CO2) contributing to warming is:✓ Methane
Q18. Rachel Carson's book 'Silent Spring' primarily drew attention to:✓ The effects of pesticides on non-target organisms
Q19. Cattle contribute to the greenhouse effect mainly because of:✓ Methane released by fermentation in the rumen
Q20. Match each item with what it indicates and select the correct option.✓ A-ii, B-iv, C-i, D-iii