9.3 Female Steroidogenesis & Ovary

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9.3 Female Steroidogenesis & Ovary — Test 1

Q1. According to the two-cell theory of ovarian steroidogenesis, theca cells produce androgens under the influence of:✓ LH

Q2. Granulosa cells convert theca-derived androgens to estrogen using aromatase, stimulated by:✓ FSH

Q3. The natural estrogens include:✓ 17beta-estradiol, estrone and estriol

Q4. Estrogens are 18-carbon steroids that, unlike androgens, lack:✓ A methyl group at C10 (aromatic A-ring)

Q5. Which statements about ovarian (estrogen) hormones are correct?✓ A, B and D

Q6. The sex hormones secreted by the ovary are:✓ Progesterone and estrogen

Q7. Match each ovarian cell with its product/role and choose the correct option.✓ A-ii, B-i

Q8. In females, inhibin (from granulosa cells) feeds back to inhibit:✓ FSH

Q9. Estradiol is produced from testosterone (or androstenedione) by:✓ Aromatization of the A-ring

Q10. The dominant estrogen in a non-pregnant woman of reproductive age is:✓ 17beta-estradiol

Q11. Estrogen exerts its actions by:✓ Binding intracellular (nuclear) receptors and regulating genes

Q12. Granulosa cells require theca cells because granulosa cells lack:✓ 17alpha-hydroxylase (so cannot make androgens themselves)

Q13. Diethylstilbestrol (DES), a potent environmental estrogen, was banned (1971) because it caused:✓ Clear-cell carcinoma in exposed offspring

Q14. Which is NOT a phytoestrogen?✓ Bisphenol A

Q15. FSH promotes follicular development partly by inducing granulosa-cell:✓ Aromatase (and its own/LH receptors)

Q16. The corpus luteum, formed after ovulation, secretes mainly:✓ Progesterone (and estrogen)

Q17. Aromatase is highly active in the ovary and also in:✓ The placenta and adipose tissue

Q18. Estrogen's effects on the reproductive tract include:✓ Endometrial proliferation and development of secondary sexual characteristics

Q19. The biosynthesis of estrogen is dependent on:✓ Aromatase (CYP19)

Q20. The two-cell, two-gonadotropin model explains how the ovary:✓ Coordinates theca androgen synthesis (LH) with granulosa aromatization (FSH)