11.3 Blotting, DNA Fingerprinting & Functional Genomics — Test 1

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11.3 Blotting, DNA Fingerprinting & Functional Genomics — Test 1

Q1. Which technique can compare the expression of thousands of genes between two samples in a single experiment?✓ DNA microarray

Q2. The blotting techniques used to detect DNA and RNA, respectively, are:✓ Southern and Northern

Q3. In a Southern blot, the specific DNA fragment of interest is detected using a:✓ Labelled DNA probe

Q4. A technique that detects where and when an RNA transcript is expressed (temporally and spatially) is:✓ In situ hybridisation

Q5. Which technique identifies sequence variations that create or destroy restriction sites?✓ RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism)

Q6. RFLP analysis works by:✓ Using hybridisation to detect specific DNA restriction fragments in genomic DNA

Q7. DNA fingerprinting (Jeffreys' method) relies on minisatellites, which are:✓ Repetitive non-coding sequences (VNTRs)

Q8. DNA fingerprinting was first developed by:✓ Alec Jeffreys

Q9. The DNA polymorphism that first enabled DNA fingerprinting as a forensic tool was the:✓ VNTR (variable number tandem repeat)

Q10. Short tandem repeats (STRs) are most widely used for:✓ Solving criminal and paternity cases

Q11. Positional cloning refers to:✓ Mapping a gene to a chromosomal region, then cloning the genomic copy

Q12. Positional cloning of a gene requires knowledge of its:✓ Map position on a chromosome

Q13. Assessing a gene's function by inactivating it (starting from the known gene) is called:✓ Reverse genetics

Q14. Which of the following is an example of forward genetics?✓ A mutagenesis screen for new mutant phenotypes

Q15. Which approach does NOT require prior knowledge of the gene?✓ A forward genetic screen

Q16. 'Knock-in' technology refers to:✓ Targeted insertion of a specific (foreign) DNA sequence at a defined locus

Q17. Mice engineered so that a gene is deleted/non-functional are called:✓ Knockout mice

Q18. TILLING, a reverse-genetics approach, is based on:✓ Chemical mutagenesis (e.g. EMS) followed by screening for point mutations

Q19. The yeast-derived Flp/FRT system is popularly used for:✓ Site-specific recombination (e.g. conditional gene control)

Q20. Match each method with its description and select the correct option.✓ A-ii, B-i, C-iii, D-iv