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5.1 Chromosome Structure, Centromere & Banding — Test 1
Q1. The centromere is a constituent of the:✓ Chromosome
Q2. A chromosome in which the centromere is placed at the very end is termed:✓ Telocentric
Q3. A holocentric chromosome is characterised by:✓ A centromere (kinetochore activity) dispersed throughout the chromosome
Q4. A diagrammatic representation of a karyotype is called a(n):✓ Idiogram
Q5. A gene located at 10p11 lies on the:✓ Short arm of chromosome 10, region 1 band 1
Q6. The short arm of a chromosome is designated as:✓ p
Q7. The short tandem (highly repetitive) DNA sequences repeated many times are concentrated at the:✓ Centromere
Q8. The repeat sequence of telomeres in humans is:✓ 5'-TTAGGG-3'
Q9. The part of the chromosome most associated with cellular ageing in humans is the:✓ Telomere
Q10. A circular plasmid with a centromere replicates and segregates in yeast, but a linear version is rapidly lost. To stabilise the linear molecule one should:✓ Incorporate telomere sequences at the ends
Q11. G-banding techniques are used primarily for:✓ Karyotyping in cytogenetics
Q12. Quinacrine (Q) banding highlights chromosomal regions and is used to study:✓ AT-rich regions by fluorescence
Q13. C-bands are deeply stained chromosomal regions that represent:✓ Constitutive heterochromatin
Q14. Heterochromatin is generally characterised by:✓ Condensed, transcriptionally inactive (low-expression) DNA
Q15. Which statement is NOT correct about heterochromatin?✓ Facultative heterochromatin is permanently condensed
Q16. The term 'heterochromatin' was coined by:✓ Emil Heitz
Q17. Giemsa-dark bands (G-bands) are mainly:✓ AT-rich and gene-poor
Q18. The kinetochore is best described as:✓ A protein complex assembled on the centromere for spindle attachment
Q19. A chromosome with the centromere exactly in the middle, giving two equal arms, is:✓ Metacentric
Q20. Match each chromosomal feature with its description and select the correct option.✓ A-iii, B-i, C-ii, D-iv