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10.5 Monoclonal Antibodies β Test 1
Q1. A monoclonal antibody is one that:β Is produced by a single B-cell clone and recognises a single epitope
Q2. Hybridoma technology produces monoclonal antibodies by fusing:β An antibody-producing B cell with an immortal myeloma cell
Q3. HAT medium is used in hybridoma production to:β Select for fused hybridoma cells while killing unfused myeloma cells
Q4. Monoclonal antibodies are preferred over polyclonal antibodies in many assays because they:β Are highly specific, uniform and reproducible
Q5. A problem with early (murine) therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in humans was that they:β Provoked a human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA) response
Q6. A chimeric monoclonal antibody combines:β Mouse variable regions with human constant regions
Q7. A humanised monoclonal antibody retains murine sequence only in the:β Complementarity-determining regions (CDRs)
Q8. The therapeutic monoclonal antibody rituximab targets which marker on B cells?β CD20
Q9. Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies can act by all of the following EXCEPT:β Replicating inside the patient
Q10. The naming suffix '-mab' in drug names indicates:β A monoclonal antibody
Q11. Monoclonal antibodies are used diagnostically in pregnancy tests to detect:β Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Q12. A bispecific antibody is engineered to:β Bind two different antigens (or epitopes) simultaneously
Q13. An antibodyβdrug conjugate (ADC) delivers a cytotoxic drug by:β Linking the drug to an antibody that targets tumour cells
Q14. Polyclonal antibodies, in contrast to monoclonal antibodies, are:β A mixture from many clones recognising multiple epitopes
Q15. Fully human monoclonal antibodies can be generated using:β Transgenic mice with human antibody genes or phage display
Q16. Checkpoint-inhibitor monoclonal antibodies (e.g. anti-PD-1) treat cancer by:β Blocking inhibitory receptors to restore T-cell anti-tumour activity
Q17. A practical advantage of monoclonal antibodies for assay standardisation is that they:β Provide an essentially unlimited, consistent supply of identical antibody
Q18. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies (e.g. infliximab) treat inflammatory diseases by:β Neutralising TNF-Ξ± to reduce inflammation
Q19. The original limitation that hybridoma technology overcame was that:β Antibody-producing B cells do not survive long in culture on their own
Q20. Monoclonal antibody production by hybridoma technology typically requires fusing:β An antibody-producing B (lymphocyte) cell with a myeloma cell
Q21. In monoclonal antibody production, fused hybridoma cells are selected on:β HAT medium
Q22. Monoclonal antibodies are used in:β Diagnosis, treatment of disease and immunopurification
Q23. The hybridoma technique for monoclonal antibodies was developed by:β KΓΆhler and Milstein
Q24. Production of monoclonal antibodies by hybridoma technology requires fusing myeloma cells with:β Splenocytes (B cells from an immunised animal)
Q25. Protein A, which binds strongly to the Fc region of IgG, is obtained from:β Staphylococcus aureus
Q26. In a humanised monoclonal antibody:β Only the CDRs are of non-human (e.g. mouse) origin; the rest is human
Q27. Match each antibody type with its description and select the correct option.β A-iii, B-i, C-iv, D-ii