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1.1 History & Scope of Immunology — Test 1
Q1. The first person to use cowpox material to immunise against smallpox was:✓ Edward Jenner
Q2. The word 'vaccine' is derived from the Latin word for:✓ Cow
Q3. The cellular (phagocytic) theory of immunity was proposed by:✓ Élie Metchnikoff
Q4. The humoral (antibody) side-chain theory of immunity was proposed by:✓ Paul Ehrlich
Q5. The clonal selection theory of antibody formation is credited mainly to:✓ Macfarlane Burnet
Q6. Attenuated vaccines for chicken cholera, anthrax and rabies were developed by:✓ Louis Pasteur
Q7. The discovery of antitoxin and serum (passive) therapy for diphtheria/tetanus is credited to:✓ Emil von Behring (with Kitasato)
Q8. The ABO blood group system was discovered by:✓ Karl Landsteiner
Q9. Hapten–carrier studies that defined the chemical basis of antigenic specificity were performed by:✓ Karl Landsteiner
Q10. The first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1901), awarded for serum therapy, went to:✓ Emil von Behring
Q11. The 'magic bullet' concept of targeted therapy was proposed by:✓ Paul Ehrlich
Q12. Hybridoma technology for producing monoclonal antibodies was developed by:✓ Köhler and Milstein
Q13. The structure of the four-chain antibody molecule was elucidated by:✓ Rodney Porter and Gerald Edelman
Q14. The two arms of the adaptive immune response are:✓ Humoral and cell-mediated immunity
Q15. A defining feature of adaptive immunity that innate immunity lacks is:✓ Immunological memory and specificity
Q16. The major histocompatibility complex / transplantation antigens were defined by the work of:✓ Snell, Dausset and Benacerraf
Q17. Immunology is best defined as the study of:✓ The immune system and its responses to antigens
Q18. Acquired immunity demonstrating specific memory is found in:✓ Vertebrates
Q19. The principle that a small controlled dose of a pathogen can protect against later exposure is the basis of:✓ Vaccination
Q20. The clonal selection theory was proposed by:✓ F. Macfarlane Burnet
Q21. According to the clonal selection theory:✓ A lymphocyte meeting its specific antigen is stimulated to proliferate into many effector cells
Q22. Match each immunology pioneer with their contribution and select the correct option.✓ A-i, B-ii, C-iii, D-iv