Quick revision: every question with its correct answer. For the full explanation, open the test and tap View Solution.
2.2 Myeloid & Accessory Cells β Test 1
Q1. The most abundant circulating leukocyte and a key first responder to bacterial infection is the:β Neutrophil
Q2. Neutrophils kill ingested microbes by all of the following EXCEPT:β Secreting antibody
Q3. Monocytes that migrate into tissues differentiate into:β Macrophages (and some dendritic cells)
Q4. Macrophages contribute to adaptive immunity by:β Presenting antigen on MHC II to CD4 T cells
Q5. Eosinophils are particularly important in defence against:β Helminth (worm) parasites
Q6. Basophils and mast cells release histamine and are central to:β Immediate (type I) hypersensitivity and allergy
Q7. The mononuclear phagocyte system consists chiefly of:β Monocytes and tissue macrophages
Q8. Tissue-resident macrophages with specific names include all of the following EXCEPT:β Plasma cells
Q9. The respiratory burst in phagocytes is generated by the enzyme:β NADPH oxidase
Q10. Opsonisation enhances phagocytosis because phagocytes have receptors for:β Antibody Fc and complement C3b
Q11. Dendritic cells are described as 'accessory cells' because they:β Capture and present antigen to activate T cells (linking innate and adaptive immunity)
Q12. M1 (classically activated) macrophages, induced by IFN-Ξ³, are specialised for:β Pro-inflammatory, microbicidal activity
Q13. M2 (alternatively activated) macrophages, induced by IL-4, are specialised for:β Tissue repair, angiogenesis and resolution of inflammation
Q14. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are:β Webs of DNA and antimicrobial proteins that ensnare microbes
Q15. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are notable for producing large amounts of:β Type I interferons (IFN-Ξ±/Ξ²)
Q16. Mast cells differ from basophils mainly in that mast cells:β Are tissue-resident, while basophils circulate in blood
Q17. Neutrophils are recruited from blood into infected tissue by a process involving:β Rolling, adhesion (selectins/integrins) and transmigration
Q18. Macrophages secrete cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-Ξ± that drive:β Inflammation and the acute-phase response
Q19. Accessory cells provide a 'second signal' (co-stimulation) to T cells via molecules such as:β B7 (CD80/CD86) engaging CD28
Q20. Which leukocyte is characterised by azurophilic (primary) granules?β Neutrophils
Q21. Match each myeloid/accessory cell with its key feature and select the correct option.β A-ii, B-iii, C-iv, D-i