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6.1 MHC: Structure & Genetics β Test 1
Q1. In humans, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules are encoded by the:β HLA gene complex on chromosome 6
Q2. MHC class I molecules consist of:β A polymorphic Ξ± (heavy) chain plus Ξ²2-microglobulin
Q3. MHC class II molecules consist of:β Two membrane-anchored chains, Ξ± and Ξ², both contributing to the groove
Q4. MHC class I molecules present peptides to:β CD8βΊ cytotoxic T cells
Q5. MHC class II molecules present peptides to:β CD4βΊ helper T cells
Q6. Which cells normally express MHC class I?β Virtually all nucleated cells
Q7. MHC molecules are described as polygenic and polymorphic, meaning:β There are several MHC genes, each with many alleles in the population
Q8. MHC genes are expressed co-dominantly, which means:β Both maternal and paternal alleles are expressed
Q9. The peptide-binding groove of MHC class I is formed by the:β Ξ±1 and Ξ±2 domains
Q10. The peptide-binding groove of MHC class II is formed by the:β Ξ±1 and Ξ²1 domains
Q11. MHC restriction means that a given T cell recognises:β Antigenic peptide only when presented by a particular self-MHC molecule
Q12. MHC class III genes encode:β Complement components and some cytokines (e.g. TNF)
Q13. Strong associations between particular HLA alleles and autoimmune diseases (e.g. HLA-B27 and ankylosing spondylitis) reflect:β HLA polymorphism influencing which self/foreign peptides are presented
Q14. A heterozygous individual at MHC loci has the advantage of:β Presenting a broader range of peptides
Q15. MHC molecules are members of the:β Immunoglobulin superfamily
Q16. The number of different peptides a single MHC molecule can present is best described as:β Many different peptides sharing compatible anchor residues
Q17. During an allogeneic transplant, recipient T cells react strongly against donor tissue mainly because:β Donor MHC (alloantigens) differs from recipient MHC
Q18. MHC class I presents peptides derived mainly from:β Endogenous (cytosolic) proteins such as viral proteins
Q19. MHC class II presents peptides derived mainly from:β Exogenous proteins internalised by the cell
Q20. The MHC locus in the mouse is known as:β The H-2 complex
Q21. The MHC locus in humans is referred to as:β The HLA complex
Q22. The MHC is located on which chromosome in humans and mice, respectively?β Chromosome 6 (human) and 17 (mouse)
Q23. Human MHC class II molecules are encoded by which regions?β DP, DQ and DR
Q24. Human MHC class I molecules are encoded by which regions?β A, B and C
Q25. Human MHC class III molecules are encoded by which regions?β C4, C2 and BF (complement components)
Q26. Mouse MHC class II molecules are encoded by which regions?β IA and IE
Q27. The term 'MHC restriction' refers to:β A T cell recognising antigen only when presented on the appropriate self-MHC
Q28. The polymorphic (most variable) domains of an MHC class II molecule are the:β Ξ±1 and Ξ²1 domains
Q29. Match each MHC feature with the correct description and select the correct option.β A-iii, B-i, C-iv, D-ii