6.4 T-Cell Activation — Test 1

Start Here Introduction ▾

Welcome! 6.4 T-Cell Activation — Test 1 — 22 questions, CSIR-NET style.

Tap the test below — it opens on its own full screen. Use ← All tests at the top to come back.
Each question has a 40-second timer. Answer, then Submit to see your score.
Tap 📋 View Solution under any question for a full explanation.

Open Review at the bottom for a quick revision list of every question with its correct answer.

All 22 Questions Review ▾

Quick revision: every question with its correct answer. For the full explanation, open the test and tap View Solution.

6.4 T-Cell Activation — Test 1

Q1. Full activation of a naive T cell requires:✓ Signal 1 (TCR–peptide–MHC) plus signal 2 (co-stimulation)

Q2. The principal co-stimulatory pair in T-cell activation is:✓ B7 (CD80/86) on the APC with CD28 on the T cell

Q3. The proximal tyrosine kinase that initiates TCR signalling by phosphorylating CD3/ζ ITAMs is:✓ Lck

Q4. Kinase ZAP-70, once recruited to the TCR complex, leads to activation of transcription factors including:✓ NFAT, NF-κB and AP-1

Q5. The autocrine growth factor that drives activated T-cell proliferation is:✓ IL-2

Q6. A T cell that receives signal 1 without signal 2 typically becomes:✓ Anergic (functionally unresponsive)

Q7. CD4⁺ T cells, once activated, differentiate into helper subsets directed by:✓ The cytokine environment (signal 3)

Q8. CD40L expressed on an activated helper T cell engages CD40 to:✓ License dendritic cells and help B cells (e.g. enabling class switching)

Q9. The calcium-dependent phosphatase that activates NFAT, and is the target of ciclosporin, is:✓ Calcineurin

Q10. Help for CD8⁺ T-cell priming is often provided indirectly through:✓ CD4 helper cells licensing the dendritic cell (via CD40L–CD40)

Q11. Clonal expansion after T-cell activation refers to:✓ Proliferation of antigen-specific T cells into many effector cells

Q12. PD-1 on T cells is an inhibitory receptor that, when engaged by PD-L1, acts to:✓ Dampen T-cell responses (peripheral tolerance / exhaustion)

Q13. The adhesion interaction that stabilises the T-cell–APC conjugate is principally:✓ LFA-1 (T cell) binding ICAM-1 (APC)

Q14. A defect in ZAP-70 would most likely cause:✓ Impaired T-cell signalling and immunodeficiency

Q15. Effector cytotoxic T cells, once activated, kill target cells by:✓ Delivering perforin/granzymes and engaging Fas–FasL

Q16. The third signal in T-cell activation, which shapes the type of response, is provided by:✓ Cytokines from the APC and environment

Q17. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors used in cancer therapy work by:✓ Blocking inhibitory receptors (e.g. CTLA-4, PD-1) to unleash T cells

Q18. Activated helper T cells upregulate CD25 because it:✓ Forms the high-affinity IL-2 receptor needed for proliferation

Q19. After the response, most effector T cells die in a contraction phase, which serves to:✓ Restore homeostasis and leave a stable memory pool

Q20. A helper T (TH) cell is activated when:✓ An antigen-presenting cell displays antigen on MHC to it

Q21. Helper T cells (with CD4) activate specific B cells through:✓ An immunological synapse (including CD40L–CD40 signalling)

Q22. Match each signal/molecule with its role in T-cell activation and select the correct option.✓ A-ii, B-i, A'-iv, C-iii