Module 1.4: Chromosome Anatomy

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Test 1 (1.4) — Chromosome Anatomy

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1.4 Chromosome Anatomy — Test 1

Q1. Which DNA sequence is the telomeric repeat in human chromosomes?✓ 5'-TTAGGG-3'

Q2. Which statement about telomeres is TRUE?✓ They solve the end-replication problem

Q3. Chromosome Conformation Capture (3C) is used to study which interaction?✓ DNA–DNA

Q4. Eukaryotic genes are larger and gene density is lower than in prokaryotes mainly because:✓ The eukaryotic genome has abundant repeats/satellite DNA and genes contain introns

Q5. In a Robertsonian translocation, fusion occurs at the:✓ Centromeres (of two acrocentric chromosomes)

Q6. Knockout mice lacking telomerase RNA proliferated in vitro past 100 divisions, unlike human cells. The most likely reason is:✓ Mice have very long telomere reserves compared with humans

Q7. Interconversion between relaxed and supercoiled DNA is catalysed by:✓ Topoisomerases

Q8. Which genomic element does NOT consist of tandem repeat sequences?✓ LINEs and SINEs

Q9. Replicative senescence in human cells is associated with:✓ Telomere shortening

Q10. Sex in Drosophila is determined by:✓ The ratio of X chromosomes to sets of autosomes

Q11. Telomerase is a specialised:✓ RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase)

Q12. Telomeres are rich in which base on the G-strand?✓ Guanine

Q13. Which statement about telomerase is NOT true?✓ It is active in all somatic cells

Q14. A yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) must contain:✓ A centromere, telomeres, an origin of replication and a selectable marker

Q15. The primary constriction of a metaphase chromosome corresponds to the:✓ Centromere

Q16. The protein complex that assembles at the centromere and attaches chromosomes to spindle microtubules is the:✓ Kinetochore

Q17. A chromosome with the centromere exactly in the middle (equal arms) is called:✓ Metacentric

Q18. Centromeric DNA in many eukaryotes is characterised by:✓ Highly repetitive (satellite) DNA packaged as heterochromatin

Q19. The histone variant that specifically marks functional centromeres is:✓ CENP-A

Q20. The 3' single-stranded G-rich overhang at the telomere is protected by folding back to form a:✓ t-loop (telomere loop)