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5.3 Mammalia — Test 1
Q1. Egg-laying mammals (monotremes) are represented by:✓ Ornithorhynchus (platypus)
Q2. Monotremes are unique among mammals because they:✓ Lay eggs
Q3. The rabbit belongs to the mammalian order:✓ Lagomorpha
Q4. The horse belongs to the order of odd-toed ungulates called:✓ Perissodactyla
Q5. Bats, the only mammals capable of true sustained flight, belong to the order:✓ Chiroptera
Q6. The largest living animal of all time is the:✓ Blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus)
Q7. Mammalian dentition is described as:✓ Thecodont, heterodont and diphyodont
Q8. The diastema, a gap in the tooth row of rodents and herbivores, results from the absence of:✓ Canines (and some teeth)
Q9. The kidney of an adult mammal is of the type:✓ Metanephric
Q10. Mammalian red blood cells are unusual in being:✓ Enucleate (without a nucleus) and biconcave
Q11. The three ear ossicles of mammals (malleus, incus and stapes) evolved from bones of the reptilian:✓ Jaw
Q12. Marsupials (metatherians), such as the kangaroo, are characterised by:✓ Giving birth to underdeveloped young that mature in a pouch
Q13. Placental mammals (eutherians) are distinguished by having:✓ A well-developed placenta nourishing the young in the womb
5.3 Mammalia — Test 2
Q14. The zonary (band-shaped) placenta is found in:✓ Dogs and cats (carnivores)
Q15. The diffuse placenta, with villi spread over the whole surface, is found in:✓ Horses and pigs
Q16. Mammals are warm-blooded and keep warm partly because of their:✓ Hair (fur) providing insulation
Q17. The defining feature that gives the class Mammalia its name is the presence of:✓ Mammary glands that produce milk
Q18. The muscular sheet that separates the thorax from the abdomen and aids breathing in mammals is the:✓ Diaphragm
Q19. Even-toed hoofed mammals such as cattle, deer and pigs belong to the order:✓ Artiodactyla
Q20. The National Aquatic Animal of India is the:✓ Gangetic dolphin
Q21. Ambergris, used in perfumes, is obtained from the:✓ Sperm whale
Q22. Whales and dolphins (Cetacea) lack hind limbs because they are adapted to:✓ A fully aquatic life
Q23. Mammals have a heart that is:✓ Four-chambered, with complete separation of blood
Q24. The order Carnivora includes mammals such as:✓ Dogs, cats and bears
Q25. The largest order of mammals (by number of species) is:✓ Rodentia
Q26. Rodents have incisors that:✓ Grow continuously throughout life
5.3 Mammalia — Test 3
Q27. Circadian (daily) rhythms in mammals are regulated chiefly by the hormone:✓ Melatonin
Q28. The reflective layer behind the retina that helps some mammals see in dim light is the:✓ Tapetum lucidum
Q29. Eutherian (placental) mammals differ from marsupials in that eutherians:✓ Have a long gestation and well-developed young at birth
Q30. The three subclasses of living mammals are Prototheria (monotremes), Metatheria (marsupials) and:✓ Eutheria (placentals)
Q31. Echolocation, using reflected sound to navigate and hunt, is well developed in:✓ Bats and toothed whales
Q32. The naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) is remarkable for its:✓ Eusocial colony with a single breeding queen
Q33. Mammals show heterodont dentition, which means their teeth are:✓ Differentiated into incisors, canines, premolars and molars
Q34. In mammals, fertilisation and early development typically occur:✓ Internally, within the female's body
Q35. The seal, walrus, whale and dolphin are all mammals, but the whale shark is:✓ A fish, not a mammal
Q36. Mammals are the only animals that feed their young on:✓ Milk from mammary glands
Q37. The occipital condyles of the mammalian skull, which articulate with the first vertebra, are:✓ Two (dicondylic)
Q38. Insectivores (e.g. shrews and hedgehogs) are mammals specialised for eating:✓ Insects and other small invertebrates
Q39. Primates, the order to which humans belong, are characterised by:✓ Grasping hands, forward-facing eyes and large brains